Results: After 8 weeks of daily supplementation of XOS in the diet of diabetic patients, participants showed significant improvement in various indicators: Blood glucose concentration decreased by 8.0%; HbA1c decreased by 0.37%; Fructosamine decreased by 21.1%. In addition, plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B concentrations also decreased by 13.9%, 24.8%, 5.1%, 17.0%. However, the XOS supplementation did not change the body weight, BMI, body fat, insulin, GOT, GPT, BUN or creatinine values.